La politica del locale. Valori nazionali e politica sociale in Scozia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15162/2282-5681/1582Parole chiave:
Devoluzione, identità nazionale, cittadinanza sociale, comunitarismo, devolution, national identity, social citizenship, communitarianismAbstract
А partire dal 1999 la devoluzione ha creato nuovi spazi di divergenza politica all’interno del Regno (sempre più dis-)Unito. Nell’ambito del discorso politico, i «valori nazionali» vengono sistematicamente chiamati in causa per suscitare fedeltà e solidarietà con le «comunità immaginate» (Anderson B., 2000). Il presente articolo riconosce l’eterogeneità presente nelle varie delimitazioni nazionali e l’interconnessione delle quattro nazioni che compongono il Regno Unito. I confronti tra le varie nazioni indicano che le attitudini sociali non divergono in maniera radicale e sono rifratte da specifiche policy communities, istituzioni civiche e sistemi di competizione politica tra partiti a nord e a sud della frontiera anglo-scozzese. I sistemi di sicurezza sociale e i servizi pubblici sono luoghi chiave per la contestazione quando si deve optare tra politiche alternative. Nell’ambito del comunitarismo di centro-sinistra il dibattito sul welfare, sulla coesione sociale e sulla «buona società» fa emergere tensioni irrisolte fra la virtù di una società civile pluralista e le concezioni di «comunità forte» del nazionalismo unionista e di quello secessionista. Da questo punto di vista, il ravvivare la «nazione dei cittadini» (Colley L., 1999) risulta un progetto maggiormente produttivo rispetto al recupero dello stato-nazione.
Devolution from 1999 has created new spaces for policy divergence within the disUniting Kingdom. Within political discourse «national values» are routinely deployed to evoke allegiance and solidarity with «imagined communities» (Anderson B., 1991). This article acknowledges heterogeneity within borders and the interconnectedness of the four nations of the UK. Cross-national comparisons indicate that social attitudes do not diverge radically and are refracted by distinctive policy communities, civic institutions and systems of party political competition north and south. Welfare and public services are key sites of contestation in deliberation on policy alternatives. The debate on welfare, social cohesion and the «good society» raises unresolved tensions within centre-left communitarianism between the virtue of pluralist civil society vis-a-vis notions of «strong community» in both unionist and secessionist nationalism. From this perspective the revivification of the «citizen-nation» (Colley L., 1999) is a more productive project than the recovery of the nation-state.
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Nazioni e regioni is an open-access journal that applies the Creative Commons CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence to all published contents.
