The Theory of Defensive Nationalism and the Case of Deeply Divided Societies

Adrian Guelke

Abstract


The article examines the applicability of Beth Rabinowitz’s theory of defensive nationalism to the case of deeply divided societies. In the heartlands of liberal-democracy, political stability tended to be taken for granted and consensus rather than polarisation was the predominant characteristic of political competition.Against a backdrop of rapid technological progress, all manner of political irrationality now surprisingly thrives. In deeply divided societies, many of the ills currently affecting metropolitan heartlands have long existed, including polarisation, political violence, and the dominance of issues of identity. Through the analysis of the Northern Irish and South African cases, tentative conclusions are put forward on the implications of an era of populism for deeply divided societies.

 

L’articolo esamina l’applicabilità della teoria del nazionalismo difensivo di Beth Rabinowitz ai casi di società profondamente divise. Nel cuore della democrazia liberale, la stabilità politica tendeva a essere data per scontata e il consenso, piuttosto che la polarizzazione, era la caratteristica predominante della competizione politica. In un contesto di rapido progresso tecnologico, oggi sorprendentemente prospera ogni tipo di irrazionalità politica. Nelle società profondamente divise, molti dei mali che attualmente affliggono i “centri” esistono da tempo, tra cui la polarizzazione, la violenza politica e il predominio delle questioni identitarie. Attraverso l’analisi dei casi dell’Irlanda del Nord e del Sudafrica, vengono presentate dall’autore alcune conclusioni sulle conseguenze di una stagione populista nelle società profondamente divise.


Parole chiave


Defensive nationalism; populism; deeply divided societies; South Africa; Northern Ireland; nazionalismo difensivo; populismo; società profondamente divise; Sudafrica; Irlanda del Nord

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15162/2282-5681/2049

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